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With more than 5,000 years of continuous history, Iranian society has a rich set of cultures and traditions that very few other societies can claim.



Recent discoveries indicate that, centuries before the rise of the earliest civilizations in Mesopotamia, humans already inhabited Iran. But the written history of Iran dates back to 3200 B.C. It begins with the early Achaemenids, the dynasty under which the first Iranian world empire blossomed.



Cyrus the Great was the founder of the empire and he was the first to establish a charter of human rights. In this period Iran stretched from the Aegean coast of Asia Minor to Afghanistan, as well as south to Egypt. The Achaeamenid Empire was overthrown by Alexander of Macedonia in 330 B.C. and was followed by the Seleucid Greek dynasty. 



After the Seleucids, we witnessed about a dozen successive dynasties reigning over the country, such as the Parthian, Sassanid, Samanid, Ghaznavid, Safavid, Zand, Afsharid, Qajar and Pahlavi. 







The growing corruption of the Qajar monarchy led to a constitutional revolution in 1905-‘06. The Constitutional Revolution marked the end of the medieval period in Iran. During World Wars I and II the occupation of Iran by Russian and British troops was a severe blow to the government.


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