FROM: aaryoo.wordpress.com
تازی ! واژه ای که در بسیاری از نوشتار ها اشاره دارد به مردمان همسایه ی ما یعنی اعراب . اگر با متون دینی و تاریخی ، در گستره ای فراتر از کتابهای درسی خود برخورد داشته اید ، حتمن با واژه ی تازی آشنایید.
پس از انقلاب اما این واژه ، از آنجا که در زبان فارسی به گونه خاصی از تیره سگ سانان نیز اشاره دارد ، به عنوان تلاشی برای کمرنگ کردن برخی احساسات ضد عربی در میان مردم ایران ، در متون درسی و رسمی استفاده نشده است . ار دیگر سوی ، بیشتر ِکسانی که به دلایلی کینه نژآدی نسبت به اعراب در خود حس میکنند از این واژه ، به صورت پررنگتر سود میبرند .
خوب به خاطر می آورم که چندی پیش دوست نوجوانی که علاقمند به مطالعه متون تاریخی است از من پرسید که آیا این تازی که به اعراب میگوییم نوعی دشنام است ؟
اما براستی تازی چیست و ریشه این نامگذاری کجاست ؟
همچون بسیاری از واژگان تاریخی و کهن دیگر ، زبانشناسان برای این وازه نیز ریشه های گونه گونی شناسایی کرده اند که براستی مشخص نیست کدامیک از اینان نخستین عامل برای این نامگذاری بوده است .
در فرهنگ های قدیمی آنندراج و انجمن آرا در برابر واژه ی تازی چنین آمده است که بهانه ی نامگذاری تازی آن است که فرزانه بهرام ( = بهرام ِخردمند ) پسر فرزانه فرهاد ِ تاز ، نام یکی از پسران سیامک بوده است که تازیان از نسل اویند و از بعضی از تواریخ نیز چنین معلوم میشودکه تاز پسر زاده ی سیامک پسر میشی پسر کیومرث بوده و پدر جمله ی عرب است و نسبت تمام عرب به تاز میرسد چنانکه نسبت تمام عجم به هوشنگ شاه میرسد.
اما در سراج اللغات اینگونه آمده است که از آنروی به اعراب تازی میگویند که اعراب در اوایل اسلام در ایران تازش و تاراج بسیار میکرده اند.
برخی دیگر از زبان شناسان نیز بر این باورند که تازی اصلن به معنای چادرنشین است . دلیل این ادعا معنای واژه ی تاژ و تاز به معنای چادر و خیمه است .
این اندیشمندان واژه ی تازی را در برابر دِه گان ( دهقان ) میدانند که واژه نخست به معنای چادر نشین و مهاجر و دیگری به معنای یکجا نشین و روستایی است .
( جهان را دیده ای و آزمودی ، شنیدی گفته ی تازی و دهگان ، ناصر خسرو ) بر این اساس ، واژه تازی در آغار نامی عام برای چادرنشینان بوده است که بعد ها معنای خاص تری یافته است که همانا نام قوم چادر نشین عرب است.
در زبان چینی نیز هم اکنون اعراب را تاش خواننده که تغییر شکل یافته همان تاژ یا تاز پارسی است و این نشان میدهد که چینیان نخستین بار اعراب را بوسیله ایرانیان دریانورد و بازرگان شناخته اند .
اما نظر شادروان ملک الشعرای بهار نیز در این زمینه شنیدنی است .
ایشان در کتاب گرانسنگ سبک شناسی چنین آورده اند که ایرانیان از قدیم به غیر ایرانیان ( بیگانگان ، غیر فارسی زبانان ) تاچیک یا تاژیک میگفته اند همچنانکه یونانیان به غیر یونانیان بربر و اعراب به غیر عرب ، عجم میگفته اند .اما این واژه در زبان دری تازه ، تازی تلفظ شد و رفته رفته اختصاص به اعراب یافت . ولی در توران و ماوراالنهر گویش قدیم باقی ماند و همچنان به بیگانه و غیر خودی تاچیک میگفتند .
بعد ها و پس از مهاجرت ترکان از سمت ترکستان چین به سوی خاورمیانه و آمیختگی ترکان آلتایی با فارسی زبانان آن سامان ، واژه پارسی تاچیک به همان معنای پیشین ( بیگانه ، غیر خودی ) وارد زبان ترکی شد و ترکان ، فارسی زبانان آن دیار را تاچیک ( یعنی غیر خودی ، غیر ترک ) خواندند . ترکیب ترک و تاجیک نیز که در ادبیات آن دوران رواج یافت در اصل به معنای ترک و غیر ترک ( فارس ، عرب ) است .
اما در کنار این ریشه های پارسی که برای واژه تازی یافته شده است ، برخی نیز تازی را شکل فارسی شده ی طایی (منسوب به قبیله طی ) دانسته اند چنانکه رازی منسوب به ری است و این به سبب شهرت و خوشنامی و برجستگی قبیله ی طی* یوده است .
در تاریخ مشابه این نامگذاری بسیار دیده شده است چنانکه ما ایرانیان ، کشور هلاس را به نام مشهورترین ِ قبیله های آن ، یونیام ، یونان خوانده ایم ودیگران نیز در مورد ما چنین کرده اند ؛ یونانیان ، ایران را پرسیا خوانده اند و اعراب فرس ( تعمیم جزء ِبرجسته تر به کل )
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* فرزانه ی فقید دکتر محمد معین در حاشیه ی برهان و در توضیح مورد توجه بودن قبیله طی نزد ایرانیان چنین آورده است که این قبیله ای بوده است از قوم عرب که در یمن میزیسته اند و سرزمین یمن نیز از زمان نوشیروان دادگر ، جزو پادشاهی ایران بوده است از همین رو عرب را به نام قبیله ای مینامیده اند که در آن دیار میزیسته اند.
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منابع :
دهخدا ، علی اکبر ، لغت نامه ( زیر نظر دکتر محمد معین و دکتر سید جعفر شهیدی ) ، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران ، 1373
بهار ، محمد تقی ، سبک شناسی ، انتشارات امیرکبیر ، تهران 1369
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http://aaryoo.wordpress.com/2008/05/10/why-we-name-arabian-people-taazi/
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Jamshid!
by samsam1111 on Mon May 12, 2008 08:24 PM CDTIn extending your comment, just a note that there are thousands of Discontinued & extinct Persian Pahlavi words that up to this day survive in European languages due to it,s indoeuropean common linguistics.Most are the evolved or as they say the corrupted versions.My exwife,s serbian father was a professor of linguistics in Belgrade and showed me over 4000 common words with Old Persian in one of his study Essays....there are tons like "Affand"(farsi for hamleh) = "Offend" in English..but I guess we are just couple of Language racists on this site :)
Cheers!
Thank you
by Souri on Mon May 12, 2008 08:24 PM CDTLooking forward to read more post from you here.
Respectfully
Re: Souri
by jamshid on Mon May 12, 2008 08:05 PM CDTDear Souri, thank you so much for your clarification. I completely misunderstood your last post. Please accept my apology.
Here is my opinion regarding the issues you brought up:
1. Use of Farsi words.
I am all for that, whole heartedly. You mentioned that it is easier said than done. I disagree however because it has been proven otherwise:
Our Farsi language undertook a termendous change in favor of pure Farsi words starting from 1920s with the ascendance of Reza Pahlavi to power. This continued with the next pahlavi for 50+ years.
During this time span, almost all nationalists, even those who politically opposed the Pahlavis, welcomed and contributed to these changes. That's why it was so successful.
As a result, the Farsi language changed to the point that an Iranian of the 1890s (for example) would not even understand many of today's words, and vice versa.
Below, I am giving a long list of pure Farsi words used today, and their Arabic counterparts in paranthesis used in the past. After reading them, we must ask ourselves, are we happy that these changes were made, or do we regret it and wish we had sticked with the old words?
daad gostari (adlieh) , daanesh gaah (darol elm), artesh (harbieh), kaar gozini (?), shahr daari (baladieh/amnieh), baaz neshastegi (tagha'od), ostaan daari (darol hokoomeh), timaarestaan (darol majaanin), bimaarestaan (mariz khaaneh), pezeshk (tabib), havaa peymaa (tayaareh), daaraayi (maalieh), daanesh aamooz (mote'alem/mohasel), daadgaah (mahkameh), roshan fekr (monavarol fekr), behdaari (sahieh), baayegaani (?), behdaasht (?), daamparvari (felaahat), khabar negaar (mokhaber), ...
There are hundreds of more words like this. Here are some words that are gradually replacing their Arabic counterpart which in a few decades may not be used anymore:
soraayandeh (shaer), vajheh (loghat), pajhooeshgar (mohaghegh), daaneshmand (aalem), rooydaad (vaghe'eh), kaarbord (estefaadeh), kaar azmoodeh (motekhases), gerdeh ham aayi (tajamo), ...
There are hundreds more. I for one, am glad that these changes were made and are continuing to be made. I don't regret even for one instant that we are not using many of the past Arabic words today. Others may not feel this way, but they are very few. Even those in power in IRI are contributing to this process today.
A side note: Farsi in Afghanistan did not go through these changes. That is why Afghanis at first have a hard time understanding "Iranian" Farsi, as they use many more Arabic words.
This concludes my proof that making the change is very feasible. However, it does not conclude why the change was good and should continue, as it is only a matter of my personal preference. I hope it is yours too.
I will answer to your other two questions at a later time.
Dear Jamshid
by Souri on Mon May 12, 2008 05:13 PM CDTRe: Souri
by jamshid on Mon May 12, 2008 03:31 PM CDTRe-read my comments in this thread (or elsewhere) and ask yourself this question:
When and where did Jamshid ever said that we must:
1. use only Farsi words,
2. "forcefully" reject Islam,
3. change our alphabet.
Please answer the question. After answering it, then ask yourself "WHY" did you so firmly believed that I had said these things when I had not? Notice the emphasis on the word "why". An honest answer to this "why" may give you some clues to your own thinking process.
This is very interesting.
After answering my questions, and if you are still interested, I will tell you my opinion about the issues you brought up. After all, all you need is just "ask" instead of "assume"!
Jamshid
by Souri on Mon May 12, 2008 07:19 AM CDTIt seems that a few people
by jamshid on Mon May 12, 2008 12:32 AM CDTIt seems that a few people here cannot understand the difference between these two phrases:
1. "Hating Arabs as a race or people"
2. "Hating the forced Arabization of our Iranian culure"
These two represent two quite different issues. The first one, hating a race of people, any people, obviously is morally wrong. But the second one is a legitimate concern of many Iranians, be it Farsi, or even Azari or Kurdish, etc.
The same way "Persianization" of Azaris or Kurds is wrong, Arabization of Farsis, Azaris and Kurds is wrong too.
What part of this any of you cannot understand?
No race is superior to others
by Kurdish Warrior (not verified) on Sun May 11, 2008 10:32 PM CDTI understand why some of you feel such hatred against the Arabs, however logically it’s wrong. No race is superior to others. When some of you refer to Arabs as the nemesis please understand that there are many Iranian Arabs living in Iran and they will get offended.
Anonymousme
by samsam1111 on Sun May 11, 2008 02:44 PM CDT"The people who want to purify Farsi and go back using the ancient words do NOT know what that means. I bet if you give them Avesta and tell a regular Javad (Joe) to read it, they will not be even able to rotate their tongue in their mouth and will soon realize why this language was abandoned in it's entirety and needed a major facelift!"
Don,t insult our forefathers and their language.you want to worship your forced Arab alphabet then go ahead and sing in it as much you want.but don,t belitle ancient persian language.this is called panarabist racism.
Why Arabs call us "Ajam"?
by Anonymous344 (not verified) on Sun May 11, 2008 01:46 PM CDTIt is critical to mention Arab call Iranian “Ajam”. Here is the translation of Ajam
Ajam in Arabic literally means "one who is illiterate in a language", "silent" or "mute", and can refer to non-Arabs in general, or specifically Persians. In the former sense it is a neutral term meaning "stranger" or "foreign." In the latter sense it can be considered a racist, derogatory term by Arabs towards Persians; it has also been used as a part of a propaganda against Iranians by some Arab countries encouraging conflict with Iran.
Here is the link to translation:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajam
IRI wants to be close to Arab all the time. There is no hate against Arab. It is rather, for centuries. Arab and Arab agents try to influence our culture. Islam is a religion which designed by Arabs for Arab interest. After 1300 years, it reflects nothing more than killing or bombing people whom against basic ideology of Arabic or Islamic.
Persian culture is based on Peace ( Look at Zartoshti). However, Arab culture is based on violence and discrimination. With saying that, one should not hate another culture.
But one should not also welcome the wrong doing of others.
Arabs killed Millions and Millions of Iranians during last 1300 years. They always had eye of our land. They have accomplished many things because Mullah Agents find ideologically close to them. Billions of $ move yearly from Iran to Dubai.
Re: Salek.....has a point;
by AnonymousMe (not verified) on Sun May 11, 2008 01:35 PM CDTActually REDWINE represents a group. It is not a person. The amount of articles he puts up can only come from an organized entity. Remember "Amil Milani" and other names? They used to publish lengthy articles every day, sometimes twice a day.
No race is better than other - we are just different. The difference makes this worls interesting. Unfortunately, some people see "difference" as a media for conflict. Unfortunately, some people like to be assimilated only by one culture and they welcome that. Usually, we proudly speek in ENglish, but we are ashamed using Arabic words although they are all over our literature.
The people who want to purify Farsi and go back using the ancient words do NOT know what that means. I bet if you give them Avesta and tell a regular Javad (Joe) to read it, they will not be even able to rotate their tongue in their mouth and will soon realize why this language was abandoned in it's entirety and needed a major facelift!
I love my heritage in it's entirety as is - Nothing less, Seeking to enrich it and even like to grab any good idea or terminology from other cultures if it resonates well with my culture.
Tazi is a word like any others
by Anonymousone (not verified) on Sun May 11, 2008 09:08 AM CDTAny people in this world have a word to describe others who are different from them in some way. There is absolutely nothing wrong with that and nothing racist about that. It does not matter what you call Arabs or any other group of people because what counts is their history, their culture and their current behaviors. In the modern world, some people call some westerners colonialist or imperialist just to describe their behaviors towards others. JJ is right that the curent problems in Iran is not because of anyone other than ourselves but that does not mean we should change our words, language and culture to make others happy! Just take a look at the treatment that a piece of water gets by some Arabs so that they can not even tolerate to see the name of Persian on a Gulf. Tazi is the word that we call Arabs for whatever reason. That is how it is. This word is a Persian word. we call them Tazi because of their "tazesh" for lootings which they did in the begining and because of their unmerciful use of "tazianeh" to enforce their own rules, religion and language so we don't forget what we received from them.
remember that, respecting others does not mean to lose your own identity, language and culture and no one should do this to make others happy especially when others do not want to see even our name being mentioned on a body of water which has been called with that name for thousands of years. If you want to know what is racist then remember that mentioning the word Persian and Fars is prohibited by some arabs in Persian Gulf area. that's what I call racist.
Our Mind Evolution
by Jahanshah Rashidian on Sun May 11, 2008 08:54 AM CDTمسلمأاگر فردوسی در جسم شاعر معاصری مانند شاملو حلول میکرد لغت «تازی» را بکار نمیبرد. این لغت حقوق مارا در برابر اسلام سیاسی توجیهن نمیکند و حتا انرا لوس میکند.
مشکل انسان متمدن بقایای تعصباتیست که منجر به نژاد پرستی ویا امروزه پیدایش اسلام سیاسی شده است. و یرای رهائی خود باید ریشه مشترک انان را شناخت.
انسان در روند تکامل معنوی خود از تعصبات مذهبی، نژادی و غیره فاصله میگیرد. این قانون تکامل را میتوانیم حتا در دوره کوتاه عمر تجربه کنیم.
بسیاری از فعالان ما در روند این تکامل از افکار افراطی دست کشیده و انسان و انسانیت را فراتر از مذهب، نژاد و مرام باز شناخته اند.
Agaist Arabization!
by M.Hojjat,Ph.d (not verified) on Sun May 11, 2008 05:20 AM CDTI agree with Samsam111.
I love my Arab friends from Syria, Lebenon&...
Actually, except Saeudies and Always Persian Golf Arabs (NOT Bahrian) the rest of arabic speaking countries in Middle East like Eygpt lost their language to Arabic and they were not Arabs.
We Iranian are not against Arabs but arabization of our culture & language what IRI has been doing since its inception. We Iranian must do anything to inform our children of this dirty IRI trick. We must have organization to promote our culture & clean our language from Arabic words.
Payandeh Iran, Zendeh bad Azadi.
Readers be Aware
by Saalek (not verified) on Sun May 11, 2008 03:24 AM CDTRedWine certainly knows some history. However, RedWine uses this knowledge not for education but for manipulation. In this article, he suggests that Iranians are better than Arabs. However, a few days ago, RedWine had another article claiming that Jews are better than everyone else. In fact, in that article RedWide supported the killing of millions of people because Albert Einstein was Jewish or because a few Jewish people have won noble prizes. Behind this “”Iranian Nationalist” lies a dark racist person with evil intentions. His main aim is to produce division among Iranians not to educate you about history.
Mr Javid! We are against Arabization not Arab race
by samsam1111 on Sun May 11, 2008 01:55 AM CDTWith all due respect & keeping in mind your sensitive job as a site adminstrator to keep topics away from extremism of any type & keeping ballance, I don,t think there are many here who disagree with your wise comment about race.
I speak for myself since unlike mullahs , I don,t claim to speak for the masses. I must say that there is a fine line between defending a national identity(shared heritage fars+turk+kurd+arab...) and racism.The Aryan glory days are long over..We are all buncha half semi half this or that.But the right to defend our national heritage is a different story. In canada ,Quebec won,t allow all English signs , afraid that it will erode french language from the province over time..Is it called racism?.
We are agaisnt forcefeeding an alien culture on our own by this regime for the last 30 years on daily basis..Examples are many..Qods day,Thousands of banners &street names in arabic praising nasrollah,fazlolah,and other jehadists around the globe,,daily tv,radio,newspaper propaganda glorifying arab culture and belitling our own heritage, teaching Arabic as a 2nd language from primary school(I,m a fars, but why not turki the language of 25mil?),regime wanting to join arab league,or hero making of Arab fighters through tv series. Just take a look at regimes own newspaper Aftab Yazd and readers comment section every day to find out how disgusted folks are about this fake romance with Arab culture, every other comment is about how regime is "kaseh daghtar az asheh for Arabs" but those poor folks have to be careful with newspaper censors so they keep it mild as Iranis know how .
So It,s the regime that through it,s manipulation has made Iranis defensive about our culture under foreign fire. the mullahs through sheer mis use of Arab ideals for their ilegitimate gains have alianated majority of Iranians and have actualy done quite a dis service to our Arab Iranian brothers in Iran who happen to be their toughest adversary.
I wrote these few lines in the faint chance that pro regime crowd here might take your comment as a MUZZLE to tag any criticism of the regime as racist, yet spoofing anti jew,american,poop pop, etc hate speech.
finally! I welcome your comment and hope all of us try to keep our dialogues civil so we may learn some thing in the process.
Kind Regards!
SamSam
The Chief has spoken!
by Ali P. on Sun May 11, 2008 01:27 AM CDTI agree with JJ.
I saw a black man on TV once, on a show about racism,many years ago. The anchor kept asking him about "his people". He finally said," Listen,'my people' are the people who share my view and my sense of morality. They are 'my people', and they could be white, black, or green."
I have had Arab, American or Afghan friends, who have been far more 'my kind of people' to me than many Iranians I know.
Regarding some of these words, I understand they are offensive, because they are either meant to offend, or actually do offend the targets. For example, many Iranians refer to 'Jews' as 'Joohood', without meaning to offend, but it actually does offend Iranian Jews.
The meanings could also change over time. 'Negro' used to be a common term for blacks, but it is considered offensive today.
I do not know about these two terms: 'ajam', and 'taazee'. If an Arab refers to me as 'ajam', is he intending to insult me? Am I supposed to feel insulted? Would average Arab be insulted if I refer to him as 'Taazee'?
To Q: You threw in 'Haji' as a racist, or offensive term. Do you mean if it is used out of context? I do not remember hearing it used as an insult. Please elaborate if you would. Thanks.
Arabs=Iranians=Pakistanis= Japanese=Jews=Anglo Saxons=Blacks
by Jahanshah Javid on Sat May 10, 2008 11:47 PM CDTWake up people. These anti-Arab feelings are retarded. Arabs are no different than any race on the planet. If you think Iran's problems today are because of Arabs... you are very wrong.
We have no one to blame but ourselves for whatever that is going on in Iran. If Iran becomes 100% pure Persian and "Aryan" nothing will change unless we believe in the dignity of every human being regardless of race or religion.
When your boss fires you simply because you are Iranian or Middle Eastern, maybe then you will learn the meaning of racism and stop hating others for their race.
Being Persian makes you no better or worse than anyone else. It's your actions that matter, not your race.
Re: Q
by jamshid on Sat May 10, 2008 11:15 PM CDTThe Arabs called Iranians (and some of them still do today) "ajam", "mojavas" and so on. The racist way they treated the defeated Iranians 1400 years ago, and the racist way they still treat some Iranians today is much worst than just being called "tazi".
I hear in UAE, some Arab shopkeepers spit on the path of Iranian shoppers who are walking on the sidewalk. Iranians don't do anything like this to Arabs.
First criticize your own beloved "zaadorood", and only then you are allowed to criticize Iranians.
Interesting history... but it's still a racist word
by Q on Sat May 10, 2008 06:49 PM CDTAlmost every single racist word today, "nigger", "kike", "beaner", "chink", "towlhead", "haji" has descriptive origins that could be called benign. That does not make them any less racist.
Tazi comes from the word "taxi"
by samsam1111 on Sat May 10, 2008 06:44 PM CDTbecause most of the taxi drivers in the old days(1500 years ago) were arab.
Seriously now.ferdosi called Iranians "dehghan"...So "tazi" as in nomadic hordes make more sense.
In Iran people don,t hate Arabs as a race but as a "forced culture".thats not being racist it,s a natural reaction to any alien agressor. on the contrary Arabs(outside Iran) are the most racist race on the planet.
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