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مشكلِ اصلي ايران مسئله‌ي قوميتها نيست

RedWine
by RedWine
25-Apr-2008
 

 from: iranianuk.com

مشكلِ اصلي ملت ايران مسئله‌ي قوميتها نيست، بلكه درد آزادي و دموكراسي است.


اگر قرار است كه ايران به‌عنوان يك كشور و ايراني به‌عنوان يك ملت برصحنه‌ي جغرافيا و عرصه‌ي تاريخ برجا بماند بايد هر ايراني به صِرفِ ايراني بودن از حقوقي مشابه و متساوي با هر ايراني ديگري برخوردار باشد. نژاد و دين و مذهب و زبان و قوميتْ نمي‌تواند تعيين‌كننده‌ي هيچ امتيازي يا تحميل‌كننده‌ي هيچ محروميتي باشد.


نبايد ازياد ببريم كه شكلِ حد اقلي نظامِ سياسي مورد نظر آزادي‌انديشانِ ايران‌دوست كه دردِ آزادي و دموكراسي دارند يك حكومت مركزي انتخابي پاسخگو و مقتدر، با يك سيستم غير متمركز و داراي شفافيتِ كامل در مناسبات قدرت است كه اداره‌ي امور مردمِ هر منطقه و استان درآن از راه اِعمال اراده‌ي آزادانه‌ي خودِ مردم صورت گيرد، مردمي كه كارگزارانِ امورشان را، به توسط ابزارهاي جمعي كه همانا گروههاي اجتماعي است، ازميان بخردان و كاردانانِ آزموده و شناخته‌شده‌شان آزادانه برگزينند؛ و به‌اين‌طريقْ كاردانان و بخردانِ كشور، بدون هيچ‌گونه تمايز قومي و زباني و ديني و مذهبي و جنسيتي، به عنوان گُزيدگانِ ادواري مردم، در اداره‌ي امور كشورشان كه ملك مشاع همگان است دخيل باشند؛ و منزلت و حرمت انساني جايگاه شايسته‌ي خويش را درجامعه تثبيت كند.


بديهي است كه اين نظام غير از نظام فدرالي است كه مناسبِ كشورهائي است كه از اتحاديه‌ي اقوام و مللِ سابقا مستقل و مجزا تشكيل شده است نه ايران كه يك كشور يك‌مليتي و چندقوميتي است. هيچ‌كدام از اقوام ترك و عرب در هيچ زماني از تاريخِ بعد از مهاجرتشان به ايران يك ملت متمايز نبوده‌اند بلكه همواره بخشي از ملت بزرگ ايران بوده‌اند.

تاريخ مي‌داند و در لابه‌لاي اوراق نوشته‌ي خويش ثبت كرده است كه در دوره‌هاي اضمحلال كشور پس از يورش مغولان تا تشكيل دولت صفوي نيز هركدام از حكومتهاي ايلاتي ترك كه در هر پاره از ايران تشكيل مي‌شده مدعي سلطنت بر كلِ ايران بوده و داعيه‌ي تصرف سراسرِ كشور و يكپارچه كردن ايران را داشته است.

وقتي دولت صفوي تشكيل شد نيز اخلاف تيمور در مرو و هرات، و شاه اسماعيل در تبريز، هركدامشان مدعي پادشاهي بر ايران بود، و جنگهاي شاه اسماعيل و محمدخان شيباني نيز برسرِ همين داعيه بود، كه سرانجام بخشي از ايران با نام اصلي براي شاه اسماعيل و صفوي‌ها ماند، و سپس جريانها در پشتِ مرزهاي شرقي دولت صفوي به گونه‌ئي كه خوانده‌ايم و مي‌دانيم به پيش رفت.

بعد ازآن نيز حمله‌ي محمود قندهاري به‌ياري سيستانيها و بلوچها به اصفهان و براندازي دولت صفوي ازآن‌رو بود كه محمود ادعاي سلطنت برايران را داشت و سلطنت صفوي را نامشروع مي‌دانست؛ ولي باز ايلات ترك درصدد بازيابي قدرتشان پيرامون نادر گرد آمدند و سلطنت افشاري را تشكيل دادند.

با تشكيل سلطنت زنديه دوباره تلاشهاي تركان براي تركي‌كردن دولت ايران آغاز شد كه سرانجام به تشكيل سلطنت قاجاريها انجاميد.

من گمان نمي‌كنم كه هيچ ايراني آزادانديشي كه درد ايران و ايراني را داشته باشد بتواند پذيرفتنِ اين موضوع را به خود بقبولاند كه مردم يك منطقه‌ئي از ايران كه ملك مشاع همه‌ي ايرانيان است به صِرفِ اينكه داراي زبان قومي خودشانند منطقه‌شان را ملك خصوصي خودشان بشمارند و خودشان را نه بخشي از ملتِ بزرگ ايران بلكه ملت آن منطقه بنامند و داعيه‌ي جداسري از ايران را داشته باشند.

وضعيت تاريخي اقوام ايراني با كردهاي تركيه و عراق تفاوت دارد. كردهاي تركيه سرزمينشان توسط تركهاي بيگانه و ازدورآمده‌ئي اشغال شده است كه همه‌ي حقوق شهروندي را از ايشان سلب كرده‌اند تا جائي كه حتي استفاده‌ي نوشتاري از زبان ملي خودشان‌ برايشان ممنوع است و دستور دارند كه ترك‌نُما باشند.

كردستانِ عراق پس از تشكيل كشورِ نوين عراق در دنبالِ جنگ جهانگيرِ اول (كه توسط انگليسي‌ها براساس پيمانِ محرمانه‌ي سايكس و پيكو ايجاد شد) ضميمه‌ي عراق گرديد. پيش ازآن تاريخ نه دولتي به نامِ دولتِ عراق وجود داشته و نه كردستان شامل عراق بوده؛ بلكه عراقِ عرب‌نشين شامل سه ايالتِ موصل و بغداد و بصره بخشي از امپراتوري عثماني بوده و كردستانِ عراقِ كنوني نيز وضعيت ويژه‌ي خودش را داشته است.

ازاين‌رو امروز كردهاي عراق حق دارند كه بگويند ما ديگر نمي‌خواهيم ضميمه‌ي كشوري به‌نام عراق باشيم. به عبارتِ ديگر، كردها در تركيه و عراق و همچنين در سوريه واقعا مسئله‌ي ملي دارند. كردها هزاران سال پيش از مهاجرتِ تركان به آناتولي در سرزمين بومي خودشان در درون مرزهاي ايران مي‌زيسته‌اند و سپس سرزمينشان به اشغال عثماني‌ها درآمده است.

در پيمان سايكس و پيكو قرار براين رفته بود كه از كردستانِ تحت اشغال عثماني‌ها يك كشور مستقل برصحنه‌ي جغرافيا پديد آيد، اما پس از تشكيل كشورهاي تازه‌تأسيسِ تركيه و عراق و سوريه وضع به گونه‌ئي ديگر پيش رفت، و يك بخش ازآن ضميمه‌ي تركيه، بخش ديگر ضميمه‌ي عراق و بخش سومش ضميمه‌ي سوريه كرده شد.

ولي اقوام ترك و عرب در آذربايجان و خوزستان هيچگاه يك ملت جدا از ملت ايران نبوده‌اند تا امروز بتوانند از «مسئله‌ي ملي» ويژه‌ي خودشان دم بزنند؛ بلكه اقوامي هستند كه در زمانهائي كه در صفحاتِ نوشته‌ي تاريخ ثبت است سرزمين سابقشان را رها كرده به درون ايران مهاجرت كرده اسكان يافته‌ در ملت ايران ادغام شده بخشي از ملت ايران گرديده‌اند، و ازاين‌جهت حقِ مالكيتِ مشاع در كشور ايران يافته‌اند.

هم از اين‌جهت است كه ملت ايران هيچگاه به آنها حق نخواهد داد كه مناطق اسكانشان را ملك قومي خودشان بشمارند.

البته موضوع تساوي كامل حقوقِ شهروندي همه‌ي مردم ايران يك موضوع جداگانه است كه با كل حركتِ دموكراسي‌خواهي در ايران در ارتباط است، و تلاش براي احقاقِ آن وظيفه‌ي مبرمِ همه‌ي آزادانديشان و بخردانِ ايراني است كه سربلندي ملت و رشد و پيشرفت و شكوه كشور را آرزومندند؛ ولي نمي‌شود نام مسئله‌ي ملي ويژه‌ي بخش مشخصي از ملتِ ايران به آن داد و آن‌را به ابزاري براي پاره‌پاره كردنِ كشور تبديل كرد.

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www.iranianuk.com/article.php?id=27359

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unregistered

To Anonymously

by Kurdish Warrior (not verified) on

I understand where you are coming from. I never had any prejudice to Persians. In fact where I'm from, Kurds, Persian Jews, Persian Muslims and Iranian Armenians are all friends and not enemies, but what I'm trying to say is that, when I see an Iran where everyone has their individual rights to practice their customs, then I don't see any reason to criticize the institution. Unfortunately since fall of Achamanid dynasty, no democracy has been established for the minorities and that is why some of us can’t trust others. However I believe in an unified Iran.


unregistered

To Kurdish Warrior

by Anonymously (not verified) on

Mr. Warrior,
as I mentioned before federalism is the foundation of separatism, get it. Ask yourself why only the separatists(Azari, Kurds and Iranian Arabs separatists)are seeking for federalist stated Iran and none of the true Iranians(Iranians who love their country as a united Iran) want to have a so called federalist stated Iran. Don't you think it is some how very suspicious that just some non-iranian separatists are in favor of federalism in Iran. To your QUESTION; Cyrus was a mix of Persian and Medes and persians & Medes together founded Iran. There is no doubt about it, I don't understand why you keep asking this ?. Why are you trying to make us Kurds as outsiders? we are Iranians and we love our Persian brother and sisters as they love us. As I said before you need to do some reading in order to understand that Persians have nothing to do with the all crime and unjustice committed against all other ethnic groups such as Kurds, Lors, Balochies, Iranian Arabs etc. Persians were and still are the real victim of the genocied committed by Arabs and Turks. Read the history of Iran and educate yourself about the crimes and genocides that turkish ruler; the Qaznavid,saljogies, safavieds......Qajars did to all other Iranians(Persians, kurds, Lors....). Your problem is the lack of knowledge about Iran's history and using the wrods like racist or prejudice against people(Persians) who are themselves the victim of turkish racisim in Iran. Do you know that for the last 1100 years the turks(Azeris) were the rulers of Iran and not the Persians? Who is Ali Kamaneie? Who is Hadad Adel? They are all Turks, 90% of the ministers and politicians in Iran are Turks and they only thing that is Persian in Iran's politic, is the Persian language. The economy is in the control of turkis Mafia in Iran and is one of the reason that the turkis population had increased rapidly in the last 30 years. I'm sure you can figure out what I'm trying to tell you!!!!!!. We Kurds, Persians, Lors, Balochis, Kozestanies have one common enemy and we have to be united to get rid of them who occupied our country for the last 1100 years.


unregistered

To Anonymously

by Kurdish Warrior (not verified) on

Let me explain; Ignorant = because you didn't even read my comment. You mentioned unifying Iran. Did I say otherwise???? Did I even use the word separatist. What I said was that a federalist stated would be a tool to prevent some groups (Separatists) to even question that constitution.
Racist = Iran was founded by Persians??? You still haven’t answered my question referring to Cyrus? History shows that Persians and Medes together founded Iran. Enough with history lesson. As long prejudice exists within any of us we won't be able to be unified and will have this regime for another decade to come. Peace out.


unregistered

To kurdish warrior and anomymous XY

by Anonymously (not verified) on

As for you Kurdish warrior, are you calling me a racist because I defended the unity of Iran and Iranians? Just to inform you, I'm half Kurd and half Persian. I'm proud to be a Persian. I'm proud of my Persian heritage, its rich culture and civilized progressive history. And I'm also proud of my kurdish half and for what they did for Iran and defending Iran against her enemies. That is eveyone's duty as an Iranian to learn and speak the Persian language reguardless of his/her ethnicity, because we need a common language in order to be able to communicate with each other. We can not leave in a country side by side and in peace if we do not communicate by a common language(Persian). You really need to do some reading before popping up and insulting other with your comments. YOU owe me an apology for calling me a racist. Show some kurdish honor and respect and apologize to me for calling me a racist in public.
How could I be a racist as a half kurd towards my own people? Think twice before bashing other people with your childish comments. Iran belong to those who are in the favor of an unified Iran and are loyal to her culture, language, and the unity of all Iranians.
As for anonomusXY, I agree with you that Kurds and Persians were very close in pre-islamic era and post- islamic times. You should know that Persians were coerced into Islam by Arabs and coerced to Shiaism by Turks. Persians were Zoroastarians and had nothing in common with Arabs and Turks. And you should know that Persians were the victim of genocied and atrocities committed by Arabs and Turks for the last 1400 years. Don't mix up the Persians with those who only know how to speak in Persians!!!!!.


unregistered

Gomnaam

by Anonymous XY (not verified) on

Your conjectures need correction.

Kurds always lived where they are and in fact in other parts of middle iran, extending to parts of sistan and baluchestan. In time, most of them got absorbed into persian language. So Kurds are not imports in any way or shape. The same goes with other iranian tribes which speak different dialects of persian (baluchi, lur, ...).

Kurds and persians were very close pre-islamic and post-islamic. The division came after safavids when iran divided into shia and sunni sects, with kurds forming a majority sunni and persians a majority shia. That is when kurdish nationalistic movements began. In brief, kurdish as a separate identity had (maybe unconscious) religious roots rather than iranian root. The atrocities of islamic republic and lack of attention to kurdish areas under ghajar and to a lesser extent during pahlavis amplified this nationalistic identity.

Arabs are imports from early days of islam on. However, that whole south west region were occupied by semi-semite tribes of elamites and Sumerians. They were not arabs, and neither were babylonians who occupied today's iraq. Arabs were those who lived in arabian sub-continent pre-islamic.

Turks migrated after persian defeat and mostly after 1000 A.D. when persian identity was on decline. West of river Oxus was iranian territory and turks west of Oxus today are migrants. That includes countries of central asia and Caucasia and turkey. However, they were absorbed into local population as ethnic cleansing was not known to iranian tribes. But due to sheer number of emigrants, the local language changed from persian to turkic gradually. That is, what we consider turks of central asia, caucausia, and asia minor are really a mix of iranians and turkic tribes. Even the facial look of them indicate that they are different from turks east of oxus.

Other tribes are related to one of the two iranian or turkic roots.

In summary: we are all iranian to a lesser or more degree. We can either prosper together or self-destruct. The problem is that we have not had to decent national government who care exclusively for iran for 30 years now. Iran today is like a supersonic jumbo-jet unassembled and therefore useless. We have smart educated people, natural resources, and fertile land. Only if we could put personal ideology and greed behind and focus on "iran" and her national interest and develop a decent government, we can assemble that useless unassembled jumbo-jet and fly to prosperity supersonically.

http://www.amazon.com/Kurdish-Culture-Identity-Phi...


unregistered

To Anonymously and Gomnaam

by Kurdish Warrior (not verified) on

From what I see, some of you need to learn and understand Iran doesn't belong to just Persians. So don't be an ignorant racist. As for Anonymously; It is true that Persia was found by Cyrus the great, but who was he; wasn't he half Persian/Mede(Kurd). If you don’t read, well just surf on internet and you would free your mind. Please do not misguide people with your made up facts.
As for Gomnaam; are you saying that Iran hosted us? Have you read history???? Where are your facts? Please enlighten me?? As far as most of us educated people know Kurds and Persian coexisted on that land for centuries. It is people like you who create division among us. As Kurd we have right to our freedom (culture, language and etc) as much as other groups do.


unregistered

You Are Free To Leave

by Gomnaam (not verified) on

The present-day land has always been a part of Iran. It belongs to Iran. Those Turks, Arabs, Kurds, or whoever else who does not like this land, they are free to leave. The great people of Iran have hosted them so far. It is time for these guests to leave if they are not happy to live in Iran. They should go wherever they think they are better taken care of.


unregistered

To Kurdish Warrior

by Anonymous457 (not verified) on

Federalism is the foundation of separatism. In Iran is impossible to have such a system because Iran's population consists of people from different origion(ethnicity)and it will endanger the unity of Iran and Iranians. Don't compare our country with Germany because their population consist to 99% of Germans. Ali.P made a very good point about the ethnicity in Iran, try to read and understand it.


unregistered

great article

by Anonymously (not verified) on

My best thanks to Mr. RedWine for writing such a great article. Separatists are a bunch of non-Iranians idiots who have their roots in Turkey and some Arab countries and needs to be kicked out of Iran. Iran(Persia) was founded by Perisans(cyrus the great)and defended by all Iranians. Federalism is a tool in the hand of seperatists.


unregistered

مشكلِ اصلي ايران مسئله‌ي قوميتها نيس

Lucifercus (not verified)


اگر قرار است كه ايران به‌عنوان يك كشور و ايراني به‌عنوان يك ملت برصحنه‌ي جغرافيا و عرصه‌ي تاريخ برجا بماند بايد هر ايراني به صِرفِ ايراني بودن از حقوقي مشابه و متساوي با هر ايراني ديگري برخوردار باشد. نژاد و دين و مذهب و زبان و قوميتْ نمي‌تواند تعيين‌كننده‌ي هيچ امتيازي يا تحميل‌كننده‌ي هيچ محروميتي باشد.

Please just a simple question: should all the rights you mention also be given to Iranians living in abroad? even on those who are the proud Not Iranians any more? those who have given up their Iranian Identity and also those who have more than Iranian Identity? And how should all these rights be achieved? It is very unprobable that these rights would be given to the claimers as a gift. I am told a figure speech from farsi: HAGH GEREFTANIST; NA DADANI. What do you mean? I mean these poeple you are heroically defending would have to go to Iran in order to get the rights? I`m affraid this mission will be just impossible. Otherwise please please show ,not only to me, the way. DARD RA GOFTI DARMAN RA NIZ BEGU.


unregistered

Today the condition of minorities are much worst(!) than.......

by Faribors Maleknasri M.D. (not verified) on

Persians. Who do you mean by persians? I think the answer knowes only the not any more soo greate satan. Up to him are only a few Iranians persians. They live in tehran and in the near villages. all others, these are: Azaris, Khuzestanis, baluches, Zabolis, Ghashghais, bakhtiaries, Lores and kurds all these poeple are no Iranians and so Iran should be reduced to the city i named first. So, the in his death bed laying, satan can come again and take whatever he finds, whatever he wants from that "take away shop without paying" as it was accostomed to up to 1978. having done that, then there will be no problem to wipp (Rest-)Iran of the world map. This is the consideration. But it is all a dream which will never come true. Just as i finish this Comment, I got the message: The greate satan is dead. His burying ceremon? Lissen to SOROOD E EY IRAN, Bache- He Bad. Greeting


unregistered

مشكلِ اصلي ملت ايران مسئله‌ي قوميتها نيست، بلكه درد آزادي و دموك

Faribors Maleknasri M.D. (not verified)


What a pitty that Iranian Nation does not know a word about their basical Difficulties. Unfortunately it is in Iran not possible to click on the "IRANIAN". So the Iranians will never be informed. May be some of those who think they know the truth are friendly enough and try to Inform the Iranians in Iran about their Problems? Greeting


Ali P.

Dear Kurdish Warrior

by Ali P. on

 I never understood " Today the condition of minorities are much worst(!) than Persians". Who do you mean by Persians? Just about any Iranian I know, has some Turk, Balouch, Kurd,Lor, Geelak(?),...etc. blood in them ( How could one claim otherwise?).

 And if there is such people as pure Persinas- which I highly doubt- I assure you, they are a very small minority, just as any other pure ethnicity, and they are not enjoying any particular privileges.

 

Respectfully,

Ali P.


unregistered

Kurdish Warrior

by Anonymous XY (not verified) on

Federalism is a lot more than what you said. It is a recipe for partitioning of iran. Kurds have always been part of iran, once about half of iran were kurdish living side by side with persians with lots of intermarriage. Whole kurdish armies once were fighting side-by-side with persians to protect their land, even after islam.

What we need is first a decent central government and then participation of all minorities in all affairs of the government and certainly in running their own affairs. That is how different provinces were run pre-islamic, what was called "satrapies". A bad government is bad for all, persian or not persian. A government who cares about "iran" and "iranians" would care as much, if not more, about the colorful people of iran which are a source of strength and prosperity. Believe me, kurdish language and culture is very special to non-kurdish iranians too and should be and will be safe-guarded by a decent iranian nationalist government. What we have now is not a government, but a gang of murderous thieves, from whom there is no expectation of decency for kurds or non-kurds.


unregistered

Good article eventhou I had

by Kurdish Warrior (not verified) on

hard time reading it (because it's written in Farsi). I also disagree with some of your points. As I understood, you don't believe in federalism. Iran has come to a point where we all are crying for secularism and democracy. Today the condition of minorities are much worst than Persians. As Kurd we never had democracy in our country IRAN for more than 100’s of years. Federalism is our demands, where we can choose our mayor, participate in our festivities, culture, and practice our language. We can't deny the fact that Iran is country with a lot of ethnicity and that is why federalism is the best option in order to keep the country together. That way no one would dare to challenge the constitution. A centralized government who has the main power won't work for future Iran. It will get veto by many groups.


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Anoosheh Ansari Why spend $20 million to go to space?Aug 25
Valerie JarrettObama's closest aide is ShiraziAug 25
John Farmanesh-BoccaDirector, choreographer in UKAug 25
Zahra KarimiGold medalist in non-Olympic event in BeijingAug 24
Tara and meDedication to my Iranian Queen Aug 23